OSPF over Frame Relay ( Point to Point , Point to Multipoint NBMA)

I hope this blog will help for easy referencing in Labbing framrelay with OSPF .when i doing first time Labbing , router uses as framerelay switch hv some mismatch configuration.
I hope this information will be informatics for CCNP Route Lab.All received are copied from
CCNP Route Lab manual . Just Only copied the most important role of this lab.

Objectives

 

1. Configure OSPF over Frame Relay.
2. Use non-broadcast and point-to-multipoint OSPF network types.
3. Modify default OSPF timer

 Step 1: Configure Frame Relay and addressing on the HQ, EAST, and WEST routers.

 Step 2: Configure the Frame Relay switch

 Step 3: Configure OSPF network type NBMA.

 On EAST and WEST, change the Frame Relay interfaces to have OSPF priority 0. This priority ensures that HQ becomes the DR.(For Point to Point Type)
Configure neighbor statements on HQ pointing toward EAST and WEST.And EAST and WEST also Pointing toward to HQ .

Step 4: Change the network type to point-to-multipoint


 Step 5: Change OSPF timers.

Q : What are some disadvantages to changing the timers if they are not tuned correctly?

Ans : If timers are not tuned correctly, there are many negative side effects. Hello packets can saturate a slower link or overload a slower router. Route instability and route flapping can occur from bad timers having an adjacency come up and down. If timers are tuned to take too long, reconvergence of a network after topology changes can be slower.

Challenge: Minimal Hello Intervals

Configure the Fast Ethernet link between EAST and WEST to lower the convergence time using the ip ospf dead-interval minimal hello-multiplier multiplier command. This command sets the dead interval to 1 second. Hellos will be sent at the rate of multiplier per second. 

Use the following Tcl script to verify connectivity to all addresses in the topology.
 
HQ# tclsh
HQ(tcl)#
foreach address {
10.1.1.1
10.1.2.1
10.1.3.1
10.1.123.1
10.1.123.2
10.1.123.3
10.1.23.2
10.1.23.3
} {
ping $address }

Final Device Configuration 

 HQ#sh running-config
Building configuration...

Current configuration : 1346 bytes
!
version 12.4
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname HQ
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
no aaa new-model
memory-size iomem 5
ip cef
!
ip auth-proxy max-nodata-conns 3
ip admission max-nodata-conns 3
!
no ip domain lookup
ip domain name lab.local
!
interface Loopback1
 ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
 ip ospf network point-to-point
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
 no ip address
 shutdown
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
interface Serial0/0
 ip address 10.1.123.1 255.255.255.0
 encapsulation frame-relay IETF
 ip ospf network point-to-multipoint
 clock rate 2000000
 frame-relay map ip 10.1.123.1 102
 frame-relay map ip 10.1.123.2 102 broadcast
 frame-relay map ip 10.1.123.3 103 broadcast
 no frame-relay inverse-arp
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
 no ip address
 shutdown
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
interface Serial0/1
 no ip address
 shutdown
 clock rate 2000000
!
router ospf 1
 log-adjacency-changes
 network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
 network 10.1.123.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
!
ip forward-protocol nd
!
no ip http server
no ip http secure-server
!
control-plane
!
line con 0
 exec-timeout 0 0
 privilege level 15
 logging synchronous
line aux 0
 exec-timeout 0 0
 privilege level 15
 logging synchronous
line vty 0 4
 login
!       
end

======================================================
EAST#sh running-config
Building configuration...

Current configuration : 1443 bytes
!
version 12.4
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname EAST
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
!
no aaa new-model
memory-size iomem 5
ip cef
!
ip auth-proxy max-nodata-conns 3
ip admission max-nodata-conns 3
!
no ip domain lookup
ip domain name lab.local
!
interface Loopback2
 ip address 10.1.2.1 255.255.255.0
 ip ospf network point-to-point
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
 ip address 10.1.23.2 255.255.255.0
 ip ospf dead-interval minimal hello-multiplier 5
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
interface Serial0/0
 ip address 10.1.123.2 255.255.255.0
 encapsulation frame-relay IETF
 ip ospf network point-to-multipoint
 clock rate 64000
 frame-relay map ip 10.1.123.1 201 broadcast
 frame-relay map ip 10.1.123.2 201
 frame-relay map ip 10.1.123.3 201 broadcast
 no frame-relay inverse-arp
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
 no ip address
 shutdown
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
interface Serial0/1
 no ip address
 shutdown
 clock rate 2000000
!
router ospf 1
 log-adjacency-changes
 network 10.1.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
 network 10.1.23.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
 network 10.1.123.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
!
ip forward-protocol nd
!
no ip http server
no ip http secure-server
!
control-plane
!
line con 0
 exec-timeout 0 0
 privilege level 15
 logging synchronous
line aux 0
 exec-timeout 0 0
 privilege level 15
 logging synchronous
line vty 0 4
 login   
!
!
end
======================================================
WEST#sh running-config
Building configuration...

Current configuration : 1445 bytes
!
version 12.4
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname WEST
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
no aaa new-model
memory-size iomem 5
ip cef
!
ip auth-proxy max-nodata-conns 3
ip admission max-nodata-conns 3
!
no ip domain lookup
ip domain name lab.local
!
interface Loopback3
 ip address 10.1.3.1 255.255.255.0
 ip ospf network point-to-point
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
 ip address 10.1.23.3 255.255.255.0
 ip ospf dead-interval minimal hello-multiplier 5
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
interface Serial0/0
 ip address 10.1.123.3 255.255.255.0
 encapsulation frame-relay IETF
 ip ospf network point-to-multipoint
 clock rate 2000000
 frame-relay map ip 10.1.123.1 301 broadcast
 frame-relay map ip 10.1.123.2 301 broadcast
 frame-relay map ip 10.1.123.3 301
 no frame-relay inverse-arp
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
 no ip address
 shutdown
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
interface Serial0/1
 no ip address
 shutdown
 clock rate 2000000
!
router ospf 1
 log-adjacency-changes
 network 10.1.3.0 0.0.0
 network 10.1.23.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
 network 10.1.123.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
!
ip forward-protocol nd
!
no ip http server
no ip http secure-server
!
control-plane
!
line con 0
 exec-timeout 0 0
 privilege level 15
 logging synchronous
line aux 0
 exec-timeout 0 0
 privilege level 15
 logging synchronous
line vty 0 4
 login   
!
!
end
=======================================================
FRS#sh running-config
Building configuration...

Current configuration : 1484 bytes
!
version 12.4
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname FRS
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
!
no aaa new-model
memory-size iomem 5
ip cef
!
ip auth-proxy max-nodata-conns 3
ip admission max-nodata-conns 3
!
no ip domain lookup
ip domain name lab.local
!
frame-relay switching
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
 no ip address
 shutdown
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
interface Serial0/0
 no ip address
 encapsulation frame-relay IETF
 no ip route-cache cef
 no ip route-cache
 clock rate 64000
 frame-relay intf-type dce
 frame-relay route 102 interface Serial0/1 201
 frame-relay route 103 interface Serial0/2 301
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
 no ip address
 shutdown
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
interface Serial0/1
 no ip address
 encapsulation frame-relay IETF
 clock rate 2000000
 frame-relay intf-type dce
 frame-relay route 201 interface Serial0/0 102
!
interface Serial0/2
 no ip address
 encapsulation frame-relay IETF
 no ip route-cache cef
 no ip route-cache
 clock rate 64000
 frame-relay intf-type dce
 frame-relay route 301 interface Serial0/0 103
!
interface Serial0/3
 no ip address
 shutdown
 clock rate 2000000
!
ip forward-protocol nd
!
no ip http server
no ip http secure-server
!
control-plane
!
line con 0
 exec-timeout 0 0
 privilege level 15
 logging synchronous
line aux 0
 exec-timeout 0 0
 privilege level 15
 logging synchronous
line vty 0 4
 login
!
!
end 

 ========================================================

OSPF Virtual Links and Area Summarization

CCNPv6 ROUTE
Chapter 3 Lab 3-3, OSPF Virtual Links and Area Summarization

I purposed  this blog post for easy referencing who Labbing CCNP OSPF route .All Sources is according to CCNP lab manual . I'm also a learner who trying to get CCNP Certi . Cheer All bro .

Objectives

1. Configure multi-area OSPF on a router.
2. Verify multi-area behavior.
3. Create an OSPF virtual link.
4. Summarize an area.
5. Generate a default route into OSPF.

Step 1: Configure addressing and loopbacks.

Step 2: Add interfaces into OSPF.

 Note: The default behavior of OSPF for loopback interfaces is to advertise a 32-bit host route. To ensure that the full /24 network is advertised, use the ip ospf network point-to-point command. Change the network type on the loopback interfaces so that they are advertised with the correct subnet.

 Step 3: Create a virtual link

Q : What would happen if routes could pass between areas without going through the backbone?
Ans :  Routing loops might occur because any route could get advertised to different areas. By passing through the backbone, type 3 LSAs are generated by their respective areas and not sent back in
 Q : When are virtual links useful?
Ans : Virtual links are useful when there needs to be a temporary extension of the backbone, either because the backbone became discontinuous or a new area got added onto an existing area. 
Q : Why are virtual links a poor long-term solution?
Ans : Virtual links are a poor long-term solution because they add processing overhead and basically extend the backbone area onto routers where it might not belong. They can also add a lot of complexity to troubleshooting.

Step 4: Summarize an area

 Loopbacks 100 through 103 can be summarized into one supernet of 192.168.100.0 /22.

Step 5: Generate a default route into OSPF. 

 You can simulate loopback 30 on R1 to be a connection to the Internet. You do not need to advertise this specific network to the rest of the network. Instead, you can just have a default route for all unknown traffic to go to R1. 


Use the following Tcl script to verify connectivity to all addresses in the topology

R1# tclsh
R1(tcl)#
foreach address {
10.1.1.1
10.1.2.1
10.1.3.1
10.1.12.1
10.1.12.2
10.1.23.2
10.1.23.3
172.30.30.1
192.168.100.1
192.168.101.1
192.168.102.1
192.168.103.1
} {
ping $address }

Challenge: Configure OSPF Authentication

Configure OSPF MD5 authentication on the link between R2 and R3, using key ID 1 and the password cisco. Record the commands used below.

Enter the following configuration commands on R2 and R3:
ip ospf authentication message-digest
ip ospf message-digest-key 1 md5 cisco

Final Configuration For Lab  and used c3725-advsecurityk9-mz.124-19b image for GNS 3 Lab

R1#sh running-config
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 1257 bytes

version 12.4
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname R1
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
no aaa new-model
memory-size iomem 5
ip cef
!
ip auth-proxy max-nodata-conns 3
ip admission max-nodata-conns 3
!
no ip domain lookup
ip domain name lab.local
!
interface Loopback1
 description Engineering Department
 ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
 ip ospf network point-to-point
!
interface Loopback30
 ip address 172.30.30.1 255.255.255.252
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
 no ip address
 shutdown
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
interface Serial0/0
 ip address 10.1.12.1 255.255.255.0
 clock rate 64000
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
 no ip address
 shutdown
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
interface Serial0/1
 no ip address
 shutdown
 clock rate 2000000
!
router ospf 1
 log-adjacency-changes
 network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
 network 10.1.12.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
 default-information originate always
!       
ip forward-protocol nd
!
no ip http server
no ip http secure-server
!
control-plane
!
line con 0
 exec-timeout 0 0
 privilege level 15
 logging synchronous
line aux 0
 exec-timeout 0 0
 privilege level 15
 logging synchronous
line vty 0 4
 login
!
end

 ======================================================

R2#sh running-config
Building configuration...

Current configuration : 1317 bytes
!
version 12.4
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname R2
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
no aaa new-model
memory-size iomem 5
ip cef
!
ip auth-proxy max-nodata-conns 3
ip admission max-nodata-conns 3
!
p domain lookup
ip domain name lab.local
!
interface Loopback2
 description Marketing Department
 ip address 10.1.2.1 255.255.255.0
 ip ospf network point-to-point
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
 no ip address
 shutdown
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
interface Serial0/0
 ip address 10.1.12.2 255.255.255.0
 clock rate 2000000
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
 no ip address
 shutdown
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
interface Serial0/1
 ip address 10.1.23.2 255.255.255.0
 ip ospf authentication message-digest
 ip ospf message-digest-key 1 md5 cisco
 clock rate 64000
!
router ospf 1
 log-adjacency-changes
 area 23 virtual-link 192.168.103.1
 network 10.1.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
 network 10.1.12.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
 network 10.1.23.0 0.0.0.255 area 23
!
ip forward-protocol nd
!
no ip http server
no ip http secure-server
!
control-plane
!
line con 0
 exec-timeout 0 0
 privilege level 15
 logging synchronous
line aux 0
 exec-timeout 0 0
 privilege level 15
 logging synchronous
line vty 0 4
 login
!
end

=====================================================
R3#sh running-config
Building configuration...

Current configuration : 1739 bytes
!
version 12.4
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname R3
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
no aaa new-model
memory-size iomem 5
ip cef
!
ip auth-proxy max-nodata-conns 3
ip admission max-nodata-conns 3
!
no ip domain lookup
ip domain name lab.local
!
interface Loopback3
 description Accounting Department
 ip address 10.1.3.1 255.255.255.0
 ip ospf network point-to-point
!
interface Loopback100
 ip address 192.168.100.1 255.255.255.0
 ip ospf network point-to-point
!
interface Loopback101
 ip address 192.168.101.1 255.255.255.0
 ip ospf network point-to-point
!
interface Loopback102
 ip address 192.168.102.1 255.255.255.0
 ip ospf network point-to-point
!
interface Loopback103
 ip address 192.168.103.1 255.255.255.0
 ip ospf network point-to-point
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
 no ip address
 shutdown
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
interface Serial0/0
 ip address 10.1.23.3 255.255.255.0
 ip ospf authentication message-digest
 ip ospf message-digest-key 1 md5 cisco
 clock rate 2000000
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
 no ip address
 shutdown
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
interface Serial0/1
 no ip address
 shutdown
 clock rate 2000000
!
router ospf 1
 log-adjacency-changes
 area 23 virtual-link 10.1.2.1
 area 100 range 192.168.100.0 255.255.252.0
 network 10.1.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 23
 network 10.1.23.0 0.0.0.255 area 23
 network 192.168.100.0 0.0.3.255 area 100
!
ip forward-protocol nd
!
no ip http server
no ip http secure-server
!
control-plane
!
line con 0
 exec-timeout 0 0
 privilege level 15
 logging synchronous
line aux 0
 exec-timeout 0 0
 privilege level 15
 logging synchronous
line vty 0 4
 login
!

end

With Regards,
Zaw Min Htann

Multi-Area OSPF with Stub Areas and Authentication

CCNP Route Lab Manual  Lab 3-2, Multi-Area OSPF with Stub Areas and Authentication

Objectives

Configure multiple-area OSPF on a router.
Verify multiple-area behavior.
Configure OSPF stub, totally stubby, and not-so-stubby areas.
Configure OSPF authenticatio

Background

You are responsible for configuring the new network to connect your company’s engineering, marketing, and accounting departments, represented by loopback interfaces on each of the three routers. The physical devices have just been installed and connected by serial cables. Configure multiple-area OSPF to allow full connectivity between all departments.R3 also has a loopback representing a connection to another autonomous system that is not part of OSPF

Step 1: Configure addressing and loopbacks

Step 2: Add interfaces into OSPF

Step 3: Configure a stub area.

Q-What are the advantages of having a router receive a default route rather than a more specific route?
Ans: Router memory and processing are conserved because the router has fewer routes to contend with.

Q-Why do all routers in a stub area need to know that the area is a stub?
Ans - Routers need to know that an area is a stub for consistency so that no routers generate type 5 LSAs or other OSPF features (such as virtual links) in an area in which they cannot exist.

Step 4: Configure a totally stubby area

Q-What are the advantages of making an area totally stubby instead of a regular stub area? What are the disadvantages?
Ans - By making an area totally stubby, routers in the area only see intra-area routes and a default route. This can save a lot of router memory and processor time. However, as with any type of route aggregation, the loss of routing detail makes it possible for a non-optimal route to be chosen.
Q- Why did only the ABR need to know that the area was totally stubby rather than all routers in the area?
Ans:The ABR is the gateway to the rest of the area and therefore is the boundary that all inter-area LSAs need to pass through. Because of this, it only needs to filter out the type 3 LSAs and let the default route through.

Step 5: Configure a not-so-stubby area.

Q - Where would it be useful to make an area into an NSSA ?
Ans - An NSSA is useful if you want to allow an area to inject external routes into an OSPF domain while still retaining some of the stub characteristics of the area such as not accepting external routes that are originated in other areas

Step 6: Configure OSPF interface authentication

Q - Why is configuring authentication for OSPF, or any routing protocol, a good idea?
Ans - Configuring routing protocol authentication is beneficial because without it, you could have a rogue router on a subnet advertising false routes.

Use the following Tcl script to verify connectivity to all addresses in the topology.
R1# tclsh
R1(tcl)#
foreach address {
10.1.1.1
10.1.2.1
10.1.3.1
10.1.12.1
10.1.12.2
10.1.23.2
10.1.23.3
172.20.200.1
} {
ping $address }

R1#sh running-config
Building configuration...

Current configuration : 1237 bytes
!
version 12.4
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname R1
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
no aaa new-model
memory-size iomem 5
ip cef
!
ip auth-proxy max-nodata-conns 3
ip admission max-nodata-conns 3
!
no ip domain lookup
ip domain name lab.local    
!       
interface Loopback1
 description Engineering Department
 ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
 ip ospf network point-to-point
!       
interface FastEthernet0/0
 no ip address
 shutdown
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!       
interface Serial0/0
 ip address 10.1.12.1 255.255.255.0
 ip ospf authentication message-digest
 ip ospf message-digest-key 1 md5 cisco
 clock rate 2000000
!       
interface FastEthernet0/1
 no ip address
 shutdown
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!       
interface Serial0/1
 no ip address
 shutdown
 clock rate 2000000
!       
router ospf 1
 log-adjacency-changes
 network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
 network 10.1.12.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
!       
ip forward-protocol nd
!       
no ip http server
no ip http secure-server
!               
control-plane
!              
line con 0
 exec-timeout 0 0
 privilege level 15
 logging synchronous
line aux 0
 exec-timeout 0 0
 privilege level 15
 logging synchronous
line vty 0 4
 login  
!             
end

R2#sh running-config
Building configuration...

Current configuration : 1396 bytes
!
version 12.4
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname R2
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
no aaa new-model
memory-size iomem 5
ip cef
!
ip auth-proxy max-nodata-conns 3
ip admission max-nodata-conns 3
!
no ip domain lookup
ip domain name lab.local
!
interface Loopback2
 description Marketing Department
 ip address 10.1.2.1 255.255.255.0
 ip ospf network point-to-point
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
 no ip address
 shutdown
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
interface Serial0/0
 ip address 10.1.12.2 255.255.255.0
 ip ospf authentication message-digest
 ip ospf message-digest-key 1 md5 cisco
 clock rate 2000000
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
 no ip address
 shutdown
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
interface Serial0/1
 ip address 10.1.23.2 255.255.255.0
 ip ospf authentication
 ip ospf authentication-key cisco
 clock rate 2000000
!
router ospf 1
 log-adjacency-changes
 area 23 nssa default-information-originate no-summary
 network 10.1.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
 network 10.1.12.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
 network 10.1.23.0 0.0.0.255 area 23
!
ip forward-protocol nd
!
no ip http server
no ip http secure-server
!
control-plane
!
line con 0
 exec-timeout 0 0
 privilege level 15
 logging synchronous
line aux 0
 exec-timeout 0 0
 privilege level 15
 logging synchronous
line vty 0 4
 login
!        
end

R3#sh running-config
Building configuration...

Current configuration : 1363 bytes
!
version 12.4
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname R3
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
no aaa new-model
memory-size iomem 5
ip cef
!
ip auth-proxy max-nodata-conns 3
ip admission max-nodata-conns 3
!
no ip domain lookup
ip domain name lab.local
!
interface Loopback3
 description Accounting Department
 ip address 10.1.3.1 255.255.255.0
 ip ospf network point-to-point
!
interface Loopback20
 description Connection to another AS
 ip address 172.20.200.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
 no ip address
 shutdown
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
interface Serial0/0
 ip address 10.1.23.3 255.255.255.0
 ip ospf authentication
 ip ospf authentication-key cisco
 clock rate 2000000
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
 no ip address
 shutdown
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
interface Serial0/1
 no ip address
 shutdown
 clock rate 2000000
!
router ospf 1
 log-adjacency-changes
 area 23 nssa
 redistribute connected subnets
 network 10.1.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 23
 network 10.1.23.0 0.0.0.255 area 23
!
ip forward-protocol nd
!
no ip http server
no ip http secure-server
!
control-plane
!
line con 0
 exec-timeout 0 0
 privilege level 15
 logging synchronous
line aux 0
 exec-timeout 0 0
 privilege level 15
 logging synchronous
line vty 0 4
 login
!
end

Boson Net Sim 8.0 For CCNP Certi Prepare

Today , i'm looking for some Net Sim for CCNP lab sim and founded that one called Boson
network simulator 8.0 .This software not Purpose for Certi Exam but it great for real world experience .It include all Lab Map and topology for CCNA and CCNP candidate  that can't be done by Packet Tracer and GNS 3 .GNS 3 is quite enough for Routing but not in Switching . So , i wanna share this software to all friends who prepare CCNP exam . Good Luck all bro !!!!!!!

Download link _ http://www.mediafire.com/download/xd61tf6gbxjuyym/Boson_NetSim_for_CCNP_v8.5.4689.18599(2).rar

အေဖာ္မြန္

ဘ၀ခရီးကို ေလွ်ာက္လွမ္းရာတြင္ သင့္အတြက္ အေဖာ္ေကာင္းတစ္ေယာက္ မရွိမျဖစ္
အစစ္အမွန္ လိုအပ္ေနသည္ဟု ဆိုပါလွ်င္ သင္ ၀န္ခံရေပလိမ့္မည္။ ဤအခ်က္ကို သင္
ျငင္းပယ္၍ မျဖစ္ေပ။ အေဖာ္ေကာင္းကို ရေအာင္ရွာလ်က္ သင္ႏွင့္အတူ
လက္တြဲေခၚေဆာင္သြားရလိမ့္မည္။ သူသည္…..
သင့္စိတ္ကို အင္အားျဖည့္တင္းေပးလိမ့္မည္။
သင့္ႏွစ္လံုးသားကို ေအးၿငိမ္းခ်မ္းသာေစလိမ့္မည္။
သင့္မ်က္ႏွာတြင္ ၾကည္လင္ေသာအျပံဳးကုိ ျဖစ္ထြန္းေစလိမ့္မည္။
သင့္ဣေျႏၵကို တည္ၿငိမ္ရင့္က်က္ေစလိမ့္မည္။
သင့္မ်က္လံုးမ်ားမွာ က႐ုဏာျပည့္လႊမ္းေစလိမ့္မည္။
သင့္ႏႈတ္ခမ္းကို ယဥ္ေက်းခ်ိဳသာေစလိမ့္မည္။
သင့္နားထဲမွာ ဥေပကၡာတရား ျဖန္႕ၾကက္ေပးထားမည္။
သင့္လက္မ်ားကို ေမတၱာတရား ျပည့္၀သြားေစမည္။
သင့္အျပဳအမူမ်ားကို သိမ္ေမြ႕ႏူးညံ့ေစလိမ့္မည္။
သင္ေလွ်ာက္လွမ္းေနေသာ ခရီးလမ္းတြင္ ၾကံဳေတြ႕ရသည့္ အခက္အခဲဟူသမွ်
သတိသမၸဇဥ္ အသိဉာဏ္ယွဥ္ကာ ကူညီေျဖရွင္းေပးလိမ့္မည္။
ခရီးဆံုးပန္းတိုင္သို႔ လ်င္ျမန္စြာ ေရာက္ရွိေအာင္လည္း
သင့္အားေဆာင္ၾကဥ္းသြားလိမ့္မည္။
ဘယ္ေလာက္မ်ား ေကာင္းလိုက္ပါသနည္း။
ဤအတိုင္းသာ ျဖစ္လွ်င္ သင္သည္ သူ႕ကုိ အလိုရွိအပ္၏။ သင္သူ႕ကို
အလိုရွိမည္ဆိုပါက သင္ႏွင့္အတူ
သူ အျမဲေနေပလိမ့္မည္။ ဘ၀လြတ္ေျမာက္ေရးကို အမွန္တကယ္ ရလိုပါလွ်င္ သူသာပင္
သင့္အတြက္ အေကာင္းဆံုးခရီးေဖာ္ ျဖစ္၏။
သူ႕ကို အားလံုးက “သည္းခံျခင္း” ဟု ေခၚၾကသည္။

Per-Vlan Spanning Tree Behavior

က်ေနာ္ လုပ္ျဖစ္ေနတဲ့ CCNP switch Lab Manual ထဲက Lab မ်ားကုိ ေဖာ္ျပထားျခင္း ျဖစ္ပါတယ္..
အေျခခံ အဆင့္ေတြမုိ ့ beginner ေတြ  အတြက္ပဲ ရည္စူးျပီး တင္လုိက္ျခင္း ျဖစ္ပါတယ္ ခင္ဗ်.

Objective - Observe the behavior of a separate spanning tree instance per Vlan

- Change spannning tree mode to rapid spanning tree

Step 1: Perpare the switches for the Lab .
all active switches ports go to trunk mode with dot1q encapsulation
Note: the default mode on a 3560 or 2960 is dynamic auto , the default mode on a 3550 or 2950 is dynamic
desirable
Step : 2 Configure VTP
configure all switches with vtp mode transparent and domain u want .
Step : 3 Assign a root switch for each vlan
Setp : 4 Configure RSTP
Other Spanning tree mode besides PVST+ are avalible . One of these is RSTP ( Rapid Spanning tree Protocol)
which greatly reduce the time for a port to transition to forwarding state while still preventing bridging loops.
Cisco-Proprietary Per-Vlan rapid spanning tree ( PVRST+) combines the functionality of RSTP and PVST.

Note: use Clear spanning-tree detected-protocols command after configuring different spanning tree mode.

Challange
added more vlans and configure root bridge for ALS1 and ALS2 .
change the cost of vlan between DLS1 and DLS 2 .
everything can run on packet tracer and GNS 3
Cheer !!!!!! all bro

Modifying Default Spanning tree Behavior

ဒီ Lab ကေေတာ့ Cisco Networking Academy ရဲ ့ CCNP Switch Lab Manual ထဲကပါ. ဒီစာအုပ္က Cisco က ထုတ္တဲ့ Official Press မုိ ့ real field နဲ ့ပုိမုိနီးစပ္မယ္လုိ ့ထင္ျမင္မိပါတယ္ တခ်ဳိ ့ စာဖတ္ရင္းနဲ ့ မရွင္းတဲ့ အေၾကာင္းအရာတစ္ခ်ဳိ ့ကုိ  Lab လုပ္ရင္းနဲ ့ နည္းနည္းသိလာတာမ်ဳိးရွိပါတယ္..အဓိက ကေတာ့ real world မွ တကယ္လုပ္ကုိင္ ရင္းႏီွးေနဖုိ ့လုိမယ္ ထင္
ပါတယ္ ... ကုိယ္နားလည္သေလာက္ သိသေလာက္ နည္းနည္းေလး ေရးထားတာမုိ ့ အကုိ CCIE မ်ား NP မ်ားက လုိအပ္တာ မ်ားကို ေ၀ဖန္ေထာက္ျပ ပညာေ၀မွ်ၾကဖုိ ့ေမွ်ာ္လင့္ပါတယ္.......
Cheer all Myanmar Cisco bro !!!!!!!!!!!!|

Modifying Default Spanning tree Behavior

Step 1: Prepare the switch for the Lab.

Step 2: Display Default Spanning Tree information For all swtichesa
by using # show spanning-tree
#sh int tru

Step 3:Configure Specific switches to be primary and secondary root
# ဒီေနရာမွာ packet tracer နဲ ့ဆုိရင္ေတာ့ debug command ကုိ သုံးလုိ ့မရပါဘူး..
ေနာက္ျပီးေတာ့ | နဲ ့ filter လုပ္ျပီးေတာ့ ၾကည့္လုိ ့မရတာကလြဲ ရင္ က်န္တာအားလုံး အဆင္ေျပပါတယ္

Step 4: Change the root port using the spanning-tree port-priority command
Port Priorities range from 0 to 240 , increments of 16 . the default priority is 128.
ဒီကေနျပီးေတာ့ တန္ဖုိးေျပာင္းလဲျပီး ၾကည့္ပါတယ္.

Step 5: Configure Portfast on an access port

Step 6 : Change root Port using the spanning-tree cost command

အဆင့္ ၆ ခုပဲ ပါပါတယ္.. Lab manual ebook ကုိလဲ 4 shared မွာ ရနုိင္ပါတယ္..
သိသေလာက္ လုပ္ထားသေလာက္ပဲ တင္လုိက္တာပါ..